Centrifugal pumps work by the centrifugal motion of water caused by the rotation of the impeller. Before the pump starts, the pump casing and suction pipe must be filled with water, and then the motor is started, so that the pump shaft drives the impeller and the water to rotate at a high speed, the water performs centrifugal motion, and is thrown to the outer edge of the impeller, and then passes through the flow channel of the volute pump casing. The pressure line that flows into the pump.
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The basic structure of centrifugal pump consists of 6 parts: impeller, pump body, pump shaft, bearing, sealing ring, stuffing box.
1. The impeller is the core part of the centrifugal pump, the speed is higher than that of the centrifugal pump, and the blades on the impeller play a major role. The impeller must pass the static balance test before assembly. The inner and outer surfaces of the impeller should be smooth to reduce the friction loss of the water flow.
2. The pump body is also called the pump casing, which is the main body of the pump. It plays the role of supporting and fixing, and is connected with the bracket on which the bearing is installed.
3. The function of the pump shaft is to connect with the motor through the coupling to transmit the torque of the motor to the impeller, so it is the main component for transmitting mechanical energy.
4. The sliding bearing uses transparent oil as a lubricant, so add oil to the oil level. Too much oil will seep out along the pump shaft, too little bearing will overheat and burn out, causing an accident! During the operation of the water pump, the maximum temperature of the bearing is 85 degrees, generally around 60 degrees.
5. The sealing ring is also called the leakage reducing ring.
6. The stuffing box is mainly composed of stuffing, water seal ring, stuffing cylinder, stuffing gland and water seal tube. The stuffing box is mainly used to close the gap between the pump casing and the pump shaft, prevent the water in the pump from flowing out and prevent the outside air from entering the pump, so that the vacuum degree is always kept within the pump. When the heat generated by the friction between the pump shaft and the packing relies on the water seal pipe to inject water into the water seal ring to cool the packing and maintain the normal operation of the pump. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the inspection of the stuffing box during the circuit inspection of the pump, and the stuffing should be replaced after about 600 hours of operation.